Causes Of Heart Failure

These are some cause of Heart Failure:
a) Coronary artery disease:
•Myocardial infarction
•Ischaemia
b) Hypertension
c) Cardiomyopathy
•Dilated (congestive)
•Hypertrophic/obstructive
•Restrictive—for example, amyloidosis, sarcoidosis, haemochromatosis
•Obliterative
d) Valvar and congenital heart disease
•Mitral valve disease
•Aortic valve disease
•Atrial septal defect, ventricular septal defect

e) Arrhythmias
•Tachycardia
•Bradycardia (complete heart block, the sick sinus syndrome)
•Loss of atrial transport—for example, atrial fibrillation
f) Alcohol and drugs
•Alcohol
•Cardiac depressant drugs (â blockers, calcium antagonists)
g) “High output” failure
•Anaemia, thyrotoxicosis, arteriovenous fistulae, Paget’s disease
h) Pericardial disease
•Constrictive pericarditis
•Pericardial effusion
i) Primary right heart failure
•Pulmonary hypertension—for example, pulmonary embolism, cor